Excavation continued today, on day two of our two-week exploration of the inner gatehouse of Elsyng palace.

We finished removing topsoil in both trenches to reveal a coarse rubble deposit that had started to appear yesterday, and at first seemed to form a line across Trench 1, possibly continuing in Trench 2.

We began to speculate whether this rubble may represent the 'tumble' of a demolished wall, especially given that its apparent line would run roughly paralell with the wall with integral columns we excavated nearby in 2023 (see day 1 for diagram) - and so could be the first signs of a back edge to our gatehouse building.

Early in the afternoon, once it was recorded, we began removing the rubble from Trench 2, only to find a layer of pebbles beneath it.

Progress in Trench 1 is slightly behind Trench 2, but early indications are that it follows the same sequence, i.e. the 'tumble' is overlaying a gravel deposit and not directly over a wall line. As work continued in Trench 2, it began to show a second rubble layer beneath the pebbles, which is a pattern we have seen before at Elsyng; i.e. more than one demolition phase, separated by a period of pebble landscaping.

Assuming Trench 1 follows the same pattern we can therefore expect to remove the rubble to reveal the pebble deposit tomorrow before moving on to an underlying second rubble context, which in turn will hopefully reveal the actual surviving palace structure beneath.

There are one or two interestingly shaped bricks in amongst the rubble especially in Trench 1, including parts of window mullion, a complete corbel and various chamfered bricks, but the best find of the day was an almost complete lozenge-shaped polychrome English Delft tile.

It is one of the largest intact Delft tile pieces ever found at Elsyng and evidently part of an elaborate set of tiles that would have once graced a high status room within the palace.

We hope that the complete design will be identifiable and should be closely dateable - we suspect that this is an example from the Pickleherring Pottery that operated in Southwark for most of the seventeenth century.

We made a good start today on the first day of our annual two-week exploration of Henry VIII's Elsyng Palace. as previously explained we're opening two trenches on the interior of the palace's inner gatehouse, in order to better understand its interior layout and footprint.

Trench 1, a large square trench, has been laid out behind the line of a long thin wall we first saw in 2023, which has integral octagonal columns and we think may be the front of an open colonnade or loggia like structure. We hope that this trench will reveal evidence of the building's internal rooms and perhaps locate its back edge.

Trench 2 has been laid out very nearby to get as close as tree roots will allow us to a number of wall lines seen in previous trenches, particularly a complex junction of multiple walls seen in 2024 (see linked diagram above).

We're still in the topsoil removal phase at the moment so there's nothing much to report yet, although we are already coming on to the ubiquitous layer of post-palace deomolition rubble in both trenches. It is perhaps notable that the rubble is very coarse and in some places may possibly form a rough alignnment, but whether this is coincidence or a sign of intact structure below, time will tell.

Please note that the summer dig in Forty Hall on the site of Elsyng Palace is now fully booked and new membership applications will not be processed until July 21st at the earliest.

We will be digging in the lime tree avenue in Forty Hall from July 6th to 20th, investigating the interior of the inner gatehouse of the Tudor palace, continuing the highly successful past two years' exploration of the extremely well preserved 16th century (and earlier) structures.

Our first two trenches will be targeting the interior of the building, focusing first on the inside of what we think may be an ornamental loggia at the gatehouse's west end, and secondly getting as close as tree root coverage will allow us to a complex multi-phased wall junction close to the second of the two octagonal turrets we have found on the gatehouse's southern facade.

A secondary objective of the dig will be to attempt to relocate the complex of walls that were first excvated on the site by the EAS in 1963-66. The 1960s digs in Forty Hall were the first to rediscover the palace, uncovering an immaculately preserved complex of walls, vaulted drains and other features, the foundations in some cases extending up to two metres below ground.

Although we know approximately where the digs took place, surveying technology in 1963 was not quite what it is today (nor were archive practices!) and so precisely pinning down the location of the various structural elements is crucial to our understanding of the site, not least becuase we suspect that last year's dig came within about five metres of the sixties work.

Trench three is therefore planned to be laid out to the north east of trenches one and two to hopefully intercept the line of one of the most shallowly buried walls that was found in 1965. Since the wall was found only inches under turf level it should hopefully be quick to confirm (or not!) its location.

There will be a public open day on Saturday July 12th with exhibits of recent finds, activities for children and archaeologists on hand to answer questions. We look forward to seeing you there!

We had an interesting and enjoyable weekend in Broomfield Park at the start of our two-weekend exploration of what may be an undocumented ornamental canal behind the remains of the house.

Broomfield is known for the remains of its early eighteenth century water gardens, but it is also known from early mapping that these gardens were once more extensive and included several channels and ponds within the park, most of which were filled in probably in the early twentieth century.

Twentieth century aerial photographic evidence and geophysics surveys in the late 1990s suggest there was once also a water channel behind the house, but since it does not feature on any known map, it is hypothesised that this may be a relic of an early Baroque water garden close to the house that had already disappeared by the 19th century.

Archaeologists dug two small test pits on the 'canal' feature in 1997 and tentatively identified its western and eastern banks, but many unanswered questions remain. We have therefore been invited, as part of the Unlocking Broomfield project, to investigate this feature over the course of two weekends, to try and understand how big the canal was, when and how it was constructed, how it was supplied with water and when it might have been filled in.

We therefore laid out Trench 1 on Saturday to get a complete section across the canal. Locating the trench was made easy by the fact that the line of the canal is very clearly shown on the ground by a band of dark green grass, about 6 metres wide running roughly parallel with the back of the house. After removing turf and topsoil we came very quickly, at both ends of the trench, to the expected compacted pebble surfaces that define the west and east banks of the canal.

The banks of the channel are fairly irregular and don't show any evidence of revetment - a fairly simple and cheap construction method which would also have served to provide a gravel path on either side of the canal.

The gravel bank forming the east side of the channel notably had been laid on top of a bed of orange sand. The 1997 test pits had recorded a bed of mortar, so it is possible that our sand layer was originally mortar, but decades of exposure to the water in the canal may have leached out the lime component leaving behind only the sand.

Between the two gravel banks we found a series of quite shallow deposits mostly composed of pebbles, brickearth and fragments of brick, and a notable layer of brickearth that appears to have been applied as a capping layer over the top, probably when the canal went out of use. It is this brickearth deposit that is causing the soil above it to retain moisture in dry weather, in contrast to the gravel banks, and so giving rise to the dark green grass above that causes the canal's location to stand out so well in the lawn.

Having removed these deposits, on Sunday we found the base of the channel, represented by a completely sterile natural brickearth, only about 40cm below modern ground level.

Although this is slightly unexpected, it isn't perhaps entirely surprising since, especially from the point of view of an ornamental garden, a body of water one foot deep looks pretty much the same as one six feet deep, especially from a distance.

This combined with the relatively rough construction of the gravel banks perhaps also shows that whoever built this feature didn't want to spend too much money on it!

One main outstanding question about the canal is the date of construction. Although we did recover quite a number of finds over the weekend, principally of 19th and 20th century date, they were all associated with the infilling of the canal, rather than its creation. Thus the best we can say at the moment is that the feature went out of use probably in the late 19th or early 20th century, and may not have existed for very long.

The story isn't over, however, since we will be back in the park next weekend from the 3rd to the 5th May to open one more small trench nearby. Trench 2 will be located at the apparent northern end of the canal at the point where it may have been supplied with water (perhaps from a culvert).

We'll be keeping our fingers crossed that Trench 2 will supply us with some evidence for the canal's actual construction. The Saturday will be a public open day, with displays and activities for families, and opportunities for volunteers to join in the dig (over 16s only and subject to numbers).

For more background on the dig and answers to frequently asked questions see: The dig pdf

This year's dig on the site of Elsyng Palace in Forty Hall has been confirmed for July 6th-20th. We will be revisiting the turreted gatehouse of the palace's inner court, exploring elements of its interior structure, and will also be making an attempt to re-locate elements of the trenches which first put Elsyng back on the map in 1963-66.

Please note that places on this dig may be limited - if you are not already a member of the Society and want to join us on this dig, the deadline for application is June 20th.

There is also a community dig planned in Broomfield Park, Palmers Green, provisionally scheduled to start April 26th. Further details to follow hopefully soon.